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Re: [lvs-users] lvs. Nat

To: Anders Henke <anders.henke@xxxxxxxx>
Subject: Re: [lvs-users] lvs. Nat
Cc: "LinuxVirtualServer.org users mailing list." <lvs-users@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
From: net.study.sea@xxxxxxxxx
Date: Wed, 30 Apr 2014 21:47:30 +0800

在 2014-4-30,19:56,Anders Henke <anders.henke@xxxxxxxx> 写道:

> There are multiple issues with this.
> -IP-address changes
> -possible port changes
> 
> 
> The client initiates a connection from Client-IP A to Director-VIP B:
> 
> A->B, using a random source port number to destination port 80.
> 
> The director rewrites the IP packet as if it had been sent
> from Client A to Realserver C and sends it to the realserver:
> A->C, using the client's source port number to destination port 80.
> 
> If the realserver would reply to those director-NATed packet, 
> the reply would look like this:
> 
> C->A, from port 80 to client's source port

At this time,if C could reply directly to A
,not through director ,then what is the result?


After I configure well Lvs in NAT mode,
I find it deal with client's request so slowly, can not find the reason.

> The client in turn knows it did create a connection from A to B,
> but doesn't know about a connection from A to C and so can't
> match those reply packets with "the other" connection. Well,
> their destination port is known to be in use with a different connection,
> so why should A assume this to be valid?
> 
> The reply packets are being dropped as being invalid.
> 
> 
> 
> Depending on your configuration, your director may also change
> the destination port, e.g. from 80 to 8080:
> A->C, using the client's source port number to destination port 8080
> 
> ... and so the realserver's reply would look like this:
> 
> C->A, from port 8080 to client's source port
> 
> The client in turn knows it did create a connection from A to B.
> Any replies from C won't match that connection and so are being dropped.
> Neither IP address nor port number do even closely match a known connection,
> there's no way for the client to match them.
> 
> In both cases, any firewall protecting A will perform similar 
> checks and drop the reply packets, as they are not related to a known 
> outgoing connection.
> 
> By routing and "un-NAT'ing" the reply packet via the director, the 
> director will rewrite the packet from 'C->A' to 'B->A' and rewrite 
> any port changes as well to meet the expectations of A (or any 
> firewall in between director and A).
> 
> 
> In Direct Routing mode, the IP packet isn't changed at all, just
> the ethernet destination MAC address ("outside" of the IP packet) 
> is changed. In Tunneling mode, the incoming IP packet is encapsulated and
> isn't changed as well.
> 
> That's why in Direct Routing and Tunneling mode, any replies will be sent
> bypassing your director and your director will only see "incoming" packets.
> 
> And that's also the reason why in NAT mode, both incoming and outgoing 
> bandwith are limited by the director, while in DR/TUN mode, the director
> only limits the incoming bandwith. Beside this, the extra complexity of 
> performing NAT for incoming and outgoing packets does also affect the 
> overall performance of the director.
> 
> 
> Best,
> 
> Anders
> 
> 
> 
> On 30.04.2014, net.study.sea@xxxxxxxxx wrote:
>> The real server received packet's source ip is client ip , why not it reply 
>> directly to client if there is router available route?
>> 
>> 在 2014-4-29,22:43,Anders Henke <anders.henke@xxxxxxxx> 写道:
>> 
>>> On 29.04.2014, net.study.sea@xxxxxxxxx wrote:
>>>> In nat mode,does director do dnat and snat packets for all request packets?
>>> 
>>> In NAT mode, the director does perform destination nat on request packets,
>>> so your realserver does still see the correct "source" ip address.
>>> 
>>> However, replies then need to be sent via the director as well, so the 
>>> director can reverse the changed destination IP address and the client
>>> does see the reply packet from the "expected" IP address/port.
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